Although the Churches as a whole experienced no major divisions in following centuries, the Eastern and Western groups reached a point of disagreement, the patriarchs of both families excommunicated each other in 1054, a fact which is historically known as the Schism and West.
Moreover, the denominational Christianity is contrasted with the non-denominational Christianity, which considers the diversity of denominations unacceptable. The most basic divisions of contemporary Christianity happen between the Catholic Churches, the Orthodox Churches and the various denominations formed during or after the Protestant Reformation.
The biggest differences between Orthodoxy and Catholicism are cultural and hierarchical. As for the Protestant denominations, these exhibit very pronounced theological differences with Orthodoxy and Catholicism, as well as a great doctrinal diversification among its aspects.
Comparisons between different denominational groups must be made with caution. In some groups, such congregations are part of a monolithic churches organization; whereas in other groups, each congregation is an independent autonomous organization. Numerical comparisons are also problematic: most groups have members only adult baptized, although some account both baptized adults and children (whether baptized or not).
Doctrinal issues and matters of conscience have also divided the Protestants, the Anabaptist tradition, composed, among others, Amish and Mennonites, rejected the doctrine of infant baptism, practiced by Catholics, Lutherans, Anglicans, Orthodox, Presbyterian, Methodist and Reformed. Some ofse groups also reject the Christian participation in violence, being recognized for their radical advocacy of pacifism.
An independent movement which, years later, also largely align with the Protestant Reformation began to take shape when King Henry VIII of England was declared "head of Churches of England" by Act of Supremacy of 1534, Anglicanism gradually was taking some Protestant doctrines to declare unequivocally Catholic and Reformed, at least in Anglican Communion. A schism of enormous dimensions was the result of publication of 95 Theses of Martin Luther in Wittenberg University on 31 October 1517.
Written originally as a series of complaints to encourage reform of Western Churches, not even remotely intended to achieve the effect they achieved, the texts of Luther, combined with the work of Swiss theologian Ulrich Zwingli and French theologian John Calvin, led to breakdown of European Catholic Christianity and founded what has become probably the second largest branch of modern Christianity (after Roman Catholicism), the so-called Protestantism.
After the Council of Chalcedon in 451, the next major split occurred between the Syrian and Alexandrian Churches (also called Egyptian or Coptic Churches), who separated under the Monophysite doctrine (Pope John Paul II and the Syrian Patriarch Ignatius Zakka I Iwas signed late twentieth century, a Christological declaration of faith in common). These Monophysite Church are known as non-Chalcedonian Church, differing from the Orthodox Churches to accept only the resolutions of first three Ecumenical Councils.
Moreover, the denominational Christianity is contrasted with the non-denominational Christianity, which considers the diversity of denominations unacceptable. The most basic divisions of contemporary Christianity happen between the Catholic Churches, the Orthodox Churches and the various denominations formed during or after the Protestant Reformation.
The biggest differences between Orthodoxy and Catholicism are cultural and hierarchical. As for the Protestant denominations, these exhibit very pronounced theological differences with Orthodoxy and Catholicism, as well as a great doctrinal diversification among its aspects.
Comparisons between different denominational groups must be made with caution. In some groups, such congregations are part of a monolithic churches organization; whereas in other groups, each congregation is an independent autonomous organization. Numerical comparisons are also problematic: most groups have members only adult baptized, although some account both baptized adults and children (whether baptized or not).
Doctrinal issues and matters of conscience have also divided the Protestants, the Anabaptist tradition, composed, among others, Amish and Mennonites, rejected the doctrine of infant baptism, practiced by Catholics, Lutherans, Anglicans, Orthodox, Presbyterian, Methodist and Reformed. Some ofse groups also reject the Christian participation in violence, being recognized for their radical advocacy of pacifism.
An independent movement which, years later, also largely align with the Protestant Reformation began to take shape when King Henry VIII of England was declared "head of Churches of England" by Act of Supremacy of 1534, Anglicanism gradually was taking some Protestant doctrines to declare unequivocally Catholic and Reformed, at least in Anglican Communion. A schism of enormous dimensions was the result of publication of 95 Theses of Martin Luther in Wittenberg University on 31 October 1517.
Written originally as a series of complaints to encourage reform of Western Churches, not even remotely intended to achieve the effect they achieved, the texts of Luther, combined with the work of Swiss theologian Ulrich Zwingli and French theologian John Calvin, led to breakdown of European Catholic Christianity and founded what has become probably the second largest branch of modern Christianity (after Roman Catholicism), the so-called Protestantism.
After the Council of Chalcedon in 451, the next major split occurred between the Syrian and Alexandrian Churches (also called Egyptian or Coptic Churches), who separated under the Monophysite doctrine (Pope John Paul II and the Syrian Patriarch Ignatius Zakka I Iwas signed late twentieth century, a Christological declaration of faith in common). These Monophysite Church are known as non-Chalcedonian Church, differing from the Orthodox Churches to accept only the resolutions of first three Ecumenical Councils.
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